How to mix individual components to produce life-like behavior outside a
cell? With this basic question, we draw inspiration from the incredible
functionality of living cells and recreate DNA-based systems that can carry out
genetically programmed tasks autonomously, without relying on external
controls. This approach combines exciting areas in physics, chemistry, and
biology. At the heart are cell-like biochips—small, engineered compartments
filled with individual DNA molecules that support DNA transactions outside
living cells. This unique setup empowers us to study and replicate genetic
processes in a way that is both simple and adaptable, with implications for
basic research and biomedical applications.
